No more reigning Queens

I must say that I was intrigued when reading that, after the abdication of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark on 14 January 2024, the world doesn’t have a single reigning queen anymore. There are several Crown Princesses in Europe, but there is not a single woman anymore sitting on a real throne, which is really a unique situation in these modern times. A quick Wikipedia search learns that the only queens alive are reigning in parts of African countries, so not in official countries. When was the last time that the world didn’t have a single female monarch? Some online said 1837, others talked about the 18th century. Well, let’s have a look (if I missed someone, let me know).

Reigning MonarchPeriod
Queen Margrethe II of Denmark1972-2024
Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands1980-2013
Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom1952-2022
Queen Juliana of the Netherlands1948-1980
Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg1919-1964
Queen Salote Tupou III of Tonga1918-1965
Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde of Luxembourg1912-1919
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands1890/1898-1948
Queen Lili’uokalani of Hawaii1891-1893
Queen Ranavalona III of Madagascar1883-1897
Queen Ranavalona II of Madagascar1868-1883
Queen Rasoherina of Madagascar1863-1868
Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom1837-1901
Queen Maria II of Portugal1834-1853
Queen Isabel II of Spain1833-1868
Queen Ranavalona I of Madagascar1828-1861
Queen Maria II of Portugal1826-1828
Duchess Marie Louise of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla1814-1847
Queen Maria I of Portugal1777-1816
Empress Catherine II of Russia1762-1796
Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan1762-1771
Empress Elisabeth of Russia1741-1762
Empress Maria Theresia of Austria1740-1780
Princess Louise Hippolyte of Monaco1731
Empress Anna of Russia1730-1740

So we get back all the way to 1730. So let’s see how long we have to wait for the next abdication or death of a male monarch with a female heir to the throne. Even before 1730 the gaps without a female monarch were never very long. However female rulers become less frequent further back in time. Some female monarchs were disputed, and some were only ruling together with a male monarch.

Reigning MonarchPeriod
Empress Catherine I of Russia1725-1727
Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden1718-1720
Queen Anne of Great Britain1702-1714
Queen Mary II of England, Ireland and Scotland1689-1694
Queen Cristina of Sweden1632-1654
Empress Meisho of Japan1629-1643
Sovereign Isabella Clara Eugenia of the Spanish Netherlands1598-1621
Tsaritsa Irina Godunova1598
Queen Anna of Poland1575-1587
Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland1558-1603
Queen Jeanne III of Navarre1555-1572
Queen Mary I of England and Ireland1553-1558
Queen Jane of England and Ireland1553
Queen Mary I of Scotland1542-1567
Queen Rafohy of Madagascar1530-1540
Queen Rangita of Madagascar1520-1530
Queen Juana of Castile and Aragon1504-1555
Queen Catherine of Navarre1483-1517
Queen Leonor of Navarre1479
Queen Isabel I of Castile and León1474-1504
Queen Catherine Cornaro of Cyprus1474-1489
Queen Blanche II of Navarre1461-1464
Queen Charlotte of Cyprus1458-1464
Queen Blanche I of Navarre1425-1441
Queen Joanna I of Naples1414-1435
Co-Princess Isabella of Foix-Castelbon of Andorra1398-1412
Queen Margrete I of Denmark, Norway and Sweden1387-1412
Queen Jadwiga of Poland1384-1399
Queen Maria of Hungary and Croatia1386-1395
Queen Maria of Hungary and Croatia1382-1385
Queen Maria of Sicily1377-1401
Queen Joanna I of Naples1343-1382
Queen Joanna II of Navarre1328-1349
Queen Margaret of Scotland1286-1290
Queen Joanna I of Navarre1284-1305
Queen Constance II of Sicily 1282-1285
Queen Sancha of León1230
Queen Dulce of León1230
Empress Ly Chieu Hoang of Vietnam1224-1225
Queen Berengaria of Castile1217
Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem 1212-1228
Queen Maria of Jerusalem1205-1212
Queen Constance I of Sicily1194-1198
Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem1190/92-1205
Queen Sibylla of Jerusalem1186-1190
Queen Matilda of England1141-1148
Queen Petronilla of Aragon1137-1164
Queen Melisende of Jerusalem1131-1153
Queen Urraca of Leon and Castile1109-1126

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